The correct answer is James P Allison. Key Points James P Allison, an American immunologist and Nobel laureate, is a professor and chair of immunology as well as the executive director of the MD Anderson Cancer Center's immunotherapy platform. For the most lethal malignancies, his insights have produced new cancer therapies. He is best known for helping to elucidate the mechanism behind T cell activation and for pioneering the first immune checkpoint inhibitor drug for treating cancer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this work in 2018. In 2014, he was awarded the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences. Additional Information Michael W Young: Michael W Young is an American biologist and geneticist. He has dedicated over three decades to research studying genetically controlled patterns of sleep and wakefulness within Drosophila melanogaster. He was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Jeffrey C. Hall and Michael Rosbash "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm". Jeffrey Hall: He is an American geneticist and chronobiologist. In 2017, along with Michael W. Young and Michael Rosbash, he was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm". Michael Rosbash: Michael Rosbash is an American geneticist and chronobiologist. Rosbash's research group cloned the Drosophila period gene in 1984 and proposed the Transcription Translation Negative Feedback Loop for circadian clocks in 1990.