The correct answer is Both 1 and 2. The post of the chief economic adviser is equivalent to the rank of secretary to the government of India. He is also the ex-officio cadre controlling authority of the Indian economic service. J. J Anjaria was the first chief economic adviser of India. He served from 1956 - 1961 under then PM Jawaharlal Nehru. The role of chief economic adviser includes giving advice to the government of India on matters of finance, commerce, trade, and economy. The first person who made effort to initiate economic planning of India was made by Sir Visvesvarayya. Dr. Krishnamurthy Subramanian is the current CEA of the government (July 2020).