Which of the following statements about the ideology of Utilitarianism in the context of British India is/are correct? 1. Utilitarianism believed that the rule of law was necessary for societal betterment 2. James Mill expounded the principles of Utilitarianism in his famous book, "Utilitarians and the Raj" 3. Utilitarians differed from the liberals in significant ways 4. Utilitarianism had distinct authoritarian tendencies Select the correct answer using the code given below: Correct Answer 1 only the correct answer is 1 i.e. 1 only. Utilitarianism - It is a theory of morality, which advocates actions that foster happiness or pleasure and opposes actions that cause unhappiness or harm. When directed toward making social, economic, or political decisions, a utilitarian philosophy would aim for the betterment of society as a whole. Utilitarianism would say that an action is right if it results in the happiness of the greatest number of people in a society or a group. Utilitarianism also differs from ethical theories that make the rightness or wrongness of an act dependent upon the motive of the agent, for, according to the utilitarian, it is possible for the right thing to be done from a bad motive. Hence option statement 1 is correct. James Mill applied his utilitarianism and theory of progress to justify the British rule in India. He wrote a book named History of British India.