The correct answer is ii, iii and iv. Key Points The Solar System consists of a star like the Sun, the planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. It also includes the satellites of the planets, numerous comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. Mercury It is the smallest and the closest planet to the Sun, it doesn't have any moon. Mercury is the nearest planet to Earth since it remains more closer to Earth during rotation than Venus. Hence, Pair 1 is correctly matched. Mercury, with an eccentricity of 0.2056, is the planet with the most elliptical orbit. Hence, Pair 3 is not correctly matched. Venus It is the hottest planet in the solar system. Although Venus is not the planet closest to the sun, its dense atmosphere traps heat due to the greenhouse effect making it our solar system's hottest planet. Venus is known as the twin sister of earth. Venus is also known as the Morning star or Evening star. It rotates once every 243 days by far the slowest rotation period of any of the major planets. Hence, Pair 4 is not correctly matched. A Venusian sidereal day thus lasts more than a Venusian year (243 versus 224.7 Earth days). However, the length of a solar day on Venus is significantly shorter than the sidereal day; to an observer on the surface of Venus, the time from one sunrise to the next would be 116.75 days. Pluto It is considered to be the farthest planet, and is now classified as a dwarf planet. Hence, Pair 2 is not correctly matched. Additional dwarf planets have been discovered farther from the Sun than Pluto. Some asteroids are also dwarf planets. Neptune The most distant planet in the Solar System is Neptune, which orbits the Sun at an average distance of 4.498 billion km (2.794 billion miles). Neptune was discovered by the German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle on 23 September 1846.