Which devices from the list given below will form part of formative evaluation? Give your answer by selecting from the code. Code: (a) Conducting a quiz session (b) Giving multiple – choice type question in post – instructional sessions (c) Giving a mastery test (d) Providing corrective feedback during discussions (e) Encouraging opportunity for metacognitive thinking (f) Grading students performance on a five – point scale Correct Answer (a), (d) and (e) Evaluation is done in different phases of the teaching-learning process. It can be done by assessing the learner before the beginning of the teaching-learning process, during the teaching-learning process, and at the end of the instructional process. 2. Summative Evaluation It is conducted at the end of the instructional process in a term, a course, or a school session. It is conducted to certify the learner and judging their learning standards. It focuses mostly on assessing the scholastic abilities of the children. It ‘Sums-up’ how much a student has learned over a period of time. It is a mostly structured and formal approach to the assessment of learning. It provides terminal feedback, both, to the teacher and the learner to enhance teaching and learning. Written tests and pencil tests are the methods to conduct the summative evaluation. Hence, conducting a quiz session, providing corrective feedback, and encouraging opportunities for metacognitive thinking will form part of formative evaluation.