What are the facts about Darwin’s theory of evolution that is/are correct? 1) This theory is based on the book “The Origin of Species”. 2) This theory is called the theory of artificial selection. 3) It is only applicable to the plants. 4) This theory gives the concept of “Survival of the fittest”. Correct Answer 1 and 4 The correct answer is 3 i.e. 1 and 4. Explanation: Charles Robert Darwin gave the theory of evolution in his famous book "The Origin of Species” in 1859. The theory of evolution proposed by Darwin is known as “The Theory of Natural Selection”. This theory is called the theory of natural selection because it suggests that the best-adapted organisms are selected by nature to pass on their characteristics to the next generation. It applies to plants as well as animals. Darwin’s theory of evolution can be described as follows: Within any population, there is natural variation. Some individuals have more favorable variations than others. Even though all species produce a large number of offspring, populations remain fairly constant naturally. This is due to the struggle between members of the same species and different species for food, space, and make. The struggle for survival within populations eliminates the unfit individuals. The fit individuals possessing favorable variations survive and reproduce. This is called natural selection (or survival of the fittest). The individuals having favorable variations pass on these variations to their progeny from generation to generation. These variations, when accumulated over a long period, lead to the origin of a new species. ​