By adding vulnerability to our understanding of disaster risk, we recognise that disaster risk is a reflection of people's and economic assets' susceptibility to loss and damage, not only the severity of the hazard or the number of people or assets exposed. Important Points Any hazard or calamity's name.Vulnerability is determined by a variety of factors, including: Physical factors: Poor building design and construction, unregulated land use planning, and other (Physical structures' material resistance) Psychological problem: Poverty and inequality, marginalisation, social exclusion, and discrimination based on gender, social status, disability, and age (among other things), and so on are all social variables. Economic issues: include the uninsured informal sector, insecure rural livelihoods, reliance on single sectors, business and supply chain globalisation, and so forth. Environmental factors: Poor environmental management, overconsumption of natural resources, reduction of risk-regulating ecosystem services, climate change, and so on are all examples of environmental factors. (Both the terrestrial and marine populations are included in the vulnerability community.and Any hazard or calamity's name). Therefore, all of I, II and III are included in such vulnerability components.