There are two sets given below. Set – I specifies the IT related acronyms, while Set – II indicates their functions. Match the two and give your answer by selecting the appropriate code. Set – I (Acronyms) Set – II (Functions) (a) CPU (i) Type of technology used on a flat–screen monitor. (b) RAM (ii) Controls all the functions performed by the computer’s other components. (c) ROM (iii) Temporary storage, also known as primary storage. (d) LCD (iv) Permanent storage that is not erased when the computer’s power is turned off. Correct Answer (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i) One wonders what makes a computer such an incredibly perfect and powerful machine. You must understand that a computer is nothing but a programmable machine that responds to instructions to store, retrieve, and process data with unimaginable speed and accuracy. It is an electronic device that manipulates information or data through programming. A computer is a whole machine, including the CPU, main memory, the fan, storage drives, controllers for video display and sound, and other essential components. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is made up of Control Unit and Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). It is the brain of the computer, the main functional component that processes instructions and performs operations as per the requirements of the computer user. The CPU is often referred to as a “computer on a chip” or microprocessor.CPU gets raw data from an input device or a memory device or a storage device. Two CPUs with the same clock speed will not necessarily perform equally. The more cache memory your processor has built into it, the faster it will perform. Microprocessors are therefore also rated by the built-in cache memory. Memory in a computer system is required for the storage and retrieval of the instructions and data. A system uses a variety of devices for storing these instructions and data that are required for its operation. The following three kinds of Memory systems: Primary (main) Memory: Primary memories are used mainly for primary storage. It stores programs and data which are currently needed by the CPU. The primary memory is a static device. There is no rotating part in it. Examples include RAM, ROM, etc. Random Access Memory (RAM): It stores data that the computer needs to use temporarily. So it is faster than the secondary storage devices. It is a volatile memory i.e. the data disappear from it when the power is off. The amount of RAM in a computer system can affect a computer’s performance. Read-Only Memory (ROM): The system uses ROM to boot itself. It is used to store the start-up information of the computer. This is called non-volatile memory i.e. it retains its content even if the computer loses its power. Cache Memory: It stores program instruction and data that the computer uses more frequently. The processor can access this information from the cache rather than having to get it from the computer’s main memory. Secondary Memory: It is the storage that the CPU cannot access directly. t's content firstly needs to be copied into ram and then transferred to CPU. It stores data that can be easily retrieved only by the main memory and used by the processor. Example, hard disk. Tertiary Memory: It includes a mechanism to insert and remove mass storage media into a storage device. It is useful for extensive data storage. Example, compact discs (CD) and USB drives. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): LCD monitor is a flat-screen, LCD is lighter, takes less table space. It also has greater energy efficiency and is more popular. LCD consumes less power/electricity. LCD monitor generates less heat and image quality is also better. CONCLUSION: Set – I (Acronyms) Set – II (Functions) (a) CPU (i) Control all the functions performed by the computer’s other components. (b) RAM (ii) Temporary storage, also known as primary storage. (c) ROM (iii) Permanent storage is not erased when the computer’s power is turned off. (d) LCD (iv) Type of technology used on a flat-screen monitor.