Suppose the cost price of 100 kg sugar is Rs. 100; Scheme I: Selling the sugar at cost price only but mixing 10% impurities in it. ⇒ Cost price of (100 × 1.10) = 110 kg sugar will be Rs. 100; ⇒ Actual Cost price of 100 kg sugar = (100/110) × 100 = Rs. 90.9 ∴ Profit percentage = (100 - 90.9)/90.9 = 10.01% Scheme II: Offering 5% discount on cost price but using 15% less weight. ⇒ Selling price of (100 × 0.85 = 85 kg) sugar will be Rs. 95 ⇒ Selling price of 100 kg sugar = (95/85) × 100 = Rs. 111.76 ∴ Profit percentage = (111.76 - 100)/100 = 11.76% Scheme III: Setting the price at 5% above cost price and also using 5% less weight. ⇒ Selling price of (100 × 0.95 = 95 kg) sugar will be Rs. 105; ⇒ Selling price of 100 kg sugar = (105/95) × 100 = Rs. 110.52 ⇒ Profit percentage = (110.52 - 100)/100 = 10.52% ∴ We can see here that Scheme II will give the maximum profit to the owner.